|
SY 2005-2006
(This is, the official entry of the school to the oratorical contest sponsored by the Metro Iloilo Water District (MIWD) held at CAP Building, Iloilo City on October 27, 2005 ).
Water for You and Me:
How far can we go?
By: Dixie Mae Tormon
WATER- a universal solvent, a basic necessity in order to sustain life. Most of the time, it is our much-needed friend, but at other times, it is our destructive enemy.
In our daily life, we need water for washing, for cleaning, for drinking, and for watering our plants; however, there are times when we fear its presence. We dread the sight of floods that may cause damage of a catastrophic proportion to lives and properties. We tremble at the sight of tidal waves rolling from the ocean and rushing to the land to destroy physical structures and to mercilessly put an end to human lives. Despite its destructive nature, water is an indispensable friend of man because you and I -all of us - cannot live longer without water.
Humanity faces the danger of suffering from lack of water for drinking and for daily household chores unless we take the right course of action. This is a sad reality prevailing in our country including our province and city of Iloilo. I hate to recall that incident last summer when the Metro Iloilo Water District scheduled the rationing of water in the areas served by the. agency. Water in Iloilo must be conserved in order to preserve life. Its supply. must be sustained forever if we want to continue living and enjoy life, but how?
In school, we have learned the necessity and importance of tree
of Environment and Natural resources and other government agencies at all times in protecting our forest resources and our watershed areas.
We, the citizens, on the other hand, must join hands together with our government agencies in preventing our brother Filipinos from raping further our forest resources. We must have the courage to report cases of violation of logging laws. Our apathy and indifference will just aggravate the problem.
We, students, have our own role to play in the conservation of water. We have to use properly every drop of water coming out of our faucets and drinking fountains every time we water our plants or when we clean our rooms. When we see leaking pipes, we should report immediately to school authorities so that there will be no further waste of water.
This attitude towards water conservation must be carried over to our respective hoLises. We' have to translate to actual deeds what has been taught to us in school as regard water conservation. At all times, we have to exemplify to our neighbors the many ways in conserving water.
As daily consumer of water, we must use water wisely. We have to utilize every drop of water coming out of our faucets to the maximum. We must conserve water for other purposes. In short, we have to observe water.
ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF OREGANO (Oreganum vulgae)
AND TAMARIND (Tamarindus indica) LEAF EXTRACTS ON
ESCHERICMACOLIANDSTAPHYLOCOCCUSAUREUS
Researchers Shyne Mediatriz Salcedo (IV-Archimedes)
Address Brgy. Tigbauan, Maasin, Iloilo
Rowen Artieda (IV-Archimedes) Bermejo Extension, Cabatuan, Iloilo
School : Cabatuan National Comp. High School
Summary
The study on Antibacterial Effect of Oregano (Oreganum vulgae) and Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) Leaf Extracts on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureas which was conducted last July 29-30, 2005 at the West Visayas State University's Laboratory, Iloilo City, was done to find out if oregano and tamarind leaf extracts have an antibacterial effect on the test organisms, Eschirichia coli and Staphylococcus aureas. What level of concentration of leaf extracts has the greatest antibacterial effects on the test organisms as determined by the diameter zones of inhibition (mm). It was hypothesized that the different levels of concentration of leaf extracts have no antibacterial effect on the test organisms as determined by the
diameter zones of inhibition and that there was no significant difference in the antibacterial effect of the different levels of concentration of leaf extracts on the test organisms as determined by the diameter zones of inhibition.
In conducting this study, oregano and tamarind leaves were collected and prepared for different levels of concentration by extracting and were impregnated on filter paper disks. On the other hand, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli stock cultures were procured and by streak-planting subculture of pure cultures were generated and inoculated with Mueller-Hinton Agar, where the filter paper disks of different treatments were placed and incubated. After 24 hours, diameter zones of inhibition were measured and data gathered were analyzed.
ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) revealed that treatment L (Filter disks with Tamarind Aqueous 25% concentration had the greatest effect on the diameter zones of inhibition of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus compared to the other treatments. The experimental treatments had a highly significantly difference from the control with regard to the diameter zones of inhibition on the test organisms used.
Conclusion:
Therefore, the researchers conclude that oregano and tamarind leaf extracts have a highly significant difference from the negative control and can be used as an inhibitor to the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
Recommendation:
The researchers recommend the use of oregano and tamarind leaf extracts as inhibitors of the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Also to conduct further studies with the use of lower concentrations of Tamarind Aqueous and higher concentration of Oregano Alcoholic as inhibitor for the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and to use mixture of oregano and tamarind leaf extracts as inhibitor to the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylocuccus aureus.
BALETE (Picas indica)ROOT EXTRACT AS NATURAL
N1
Diameter zones of inhibition of oregano alcohol on E. coli and S. aureus
Diameter zones of inhibition of tamarind alcohol on E
dread the sight of floods that may cause damage of a catastrophic proportion to lives and properties. We tremble at the sight of tidal waves rolling from the ocean and rushing to the land to destroy physical structures and to mercilessly put an end to human lives. Despite its destructive nature, water is an indispensable friend of man because you and I -all of us - cannot live longer without water.
Humanity faces the danger of suffering from lack of water for drinking and for daily household chores unless we take the right course of action. This is a sad reality prevailing in our country including our province and city of Iloilo. I hate to recall that incident last summer when the Metro Iloilo Water District scheduled the rationing of water in the areas served by the agency. Water in Iloilo must be conserved in order to preserve life. Its supply. must be sustained forever if we want to continue living and enjoy life, but how?
In school, we have learned the necessity and importance of tree planting in the conservation of water. Trees must be continuously planted in our forest, in watershed areas, and along rivers. Aside from preventing soil erosion and the occurrence of floods, trees in the watershed areas prevent the rapid evaporation of water in the water source. More trees will mean more water for all of us.
To avert the continuous denudation of our forest resources and watershed areas, our government must put more teeth in the implementation of our logging Laws. Any violator of logging laws must be punished justly, without taking into consideration his political or social status. It would be best for our national interest if the Department
courage to report cases of violation of logging laws. Our apathy and indifference will just aggravate the problem.
We, students, have our own role to play in the conservation of water. We have to use properly every drop of water coming out of our faucets and drinking fountains every time we water our plants or when we clean our rooms. When we see leaking pipes, we should report immediately to school authorities so that there will be no further waste of water.
This attitude towards water conservation must be carried over to our respective houses. We have to translate to actual deeds what has been taught to us in school as regard water conservation. At all times, we have to exemplify to our neighbors the many ways in conserving water.
As daily consumer of water, we must use water wisely. We have to utilize every drop of water coming out of our faucets to the maximum. We must conserve water for other purposes. In short, we have to observe water conservation.
You and I - every one of us have the obligation and the responsibility of preserving and conserving water for our survival. Let us stop denuding our forest otherwise nature will take vengeance on all of us. Let us conserve water not only for us in the present but also for the future generation. Let us do the right course of action now so that we shall not be blamed by our children and our children's children due to our negligence.
WATER, 0 WATER - you are our life! Your supply must be sustained forever for our survival. This we can do by preserving and conserving you - NOW AND FOREVER!
Envimnwnt Focus
THINK and DECIDE
By: Mark Joseph Diaz and Wendylum Loli Halaba (IV-Einstein)
God cares, for nature. He because of all the chemicals,,,
I
W1at1eve1 ofco concentration Ieaf Ye xtracts has the greatest antibacterial effects on the test organisms as determined by the diameter zones of inhibition (mm). It was hypothesized that the different levels of concentration of leaf extracts have no antibacterial effect on the test organisms as determined by the
diameter zones of inhibition and that there was no significant difference in the antibacterial effect of the different levels of concentration of leaf extracts on the test organisms as determined by the diameter zones of inhibition.
In conducting this study, oregano and tamarind leaves were collected and prepared for different levels of concentration by extracting and were impregnated on filter paper disks. On the other hand, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli stock cultures were procured and by streak-planting subculture of pure cultures were generated and inoculated with Mueller-Hinton Agar, where the filter paper disks of different treatments were placed and incubated. After 24 hours, diameter zones of inhibition were measured and data gathered were analyzed.
ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) revealed that treatment L (Filter disks with Tamarind Aqueous 25% concentration had the greatest effect on the diameter zones of inhibition of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus compared to the other treatments. The experimental treatments had a highly significantly difference from the control with regard to the diameter zones of inhibition on the test organisms used.
Conclusion:
Therefore, the researchers conclude that oregano and tamarind leaf extracts have a highly significant difference from the negative control and can be used as an inhibitor to the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
Recommendation:
The researchers recommend the use of oregano and tamarind leaf extracts as inhibitors of the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Also to conduct further studies with the use of lower concentrations of Tamarind Aqueous and higher concentration of Oregano Alcoholic as inhibitor for the growth of Escherichia Coll and Staphylococcus aureus, and to use mixture of oregano and tamarind leaf extracts as inhibitor to the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylocuccus aureus.
BALETE (Picas indiea) ROOT EXTRACT AS NATURAL
ROOT GROWTH INDUCER FOR CHINESE ROOT JM%JWT
HIBISCUS (Hibiscus-rosa-sinensis) CUTTINGS
and number of roots developed. Treatment D which was the 3.125% Balete concentrated solution was found to be the most effective among the treatments used basing on the length and the number of roots produced after 28 days or four (4) weeks of soaking.
The 3.125% Balete concentrated solution basing on statistical analysis showed that it had exhibited the most number of roots and highest root length yielded in terms of average number and average length in cm. 28 days or four (4) weeks after application. ANOVA in RCBD revealed that the use of 12.5%, 6.% and 3.125% concentrations of Balete root extract on Chinese hibiscus cuttings produced longer and more number of roots compared to the negative and positive controls and to the 25% concentration which showed the highest number of root length from a previous study.
Analogously, results of the pilot study and from the researchers study revealed that lesser concentrations (12.5%, 6.25% and 3,125%) of Balete pure root extract produce longer and more roots compared to solutions with higher concentration.
Summing up, Balete pure root extract definitely and evidently exhibited a potential as an effective natural root growth inducer. As shown in statistical analysis, 3.125% Balete concentrated solution is the most preferable to use ,based on its performance.
Diameter zones of inhibition of tamarind alcohol on E coli and S. aureu
Researchers Aldwin Leslie Muyuela (IV-Archimedes)
Address Brgy. Tiring, Cabatuan, Iloilo
School Cabatuan National Comp. High School
Summary:
The study on the use of different levels of concentration of Balete pure root extract on Chinese hibiscus cuttings was conducted at Brgy. Tiring, Cabatuan, Iloilo from June 12, 2005 to July 10, 2005. It aimed to find out if there is a significant difference among the treatments in terms of length in cm and the number of roots produced.
Chinese hibiscus cuttings were soaked in different levels of concentration of Balete solutions and were replicated five times. Treatment A was the 25% Balete concentration, Treatment B was the 12.5% Balete concentration, Treatment C was the 6.25% Balete concentration, Treatment D was the 3.125% Balete concentration, Treatment E was the distilled water used as negative control. Treatment F was the Positive – ANAA solution. Five stem cuttings of Chinese hibiscus plant were soaked in each treatment. After 28 days or four (4) weeks of soaking, the length of roots (cm) developed and the numbers of roots produced were measured and were interpreted using statistical tools.
Analysis of Variance in RCBD revealed that the length and number of roots of Chinese hibiscus developed. Based
XXX".JLU%_J 9-10 %-d L. JL JL JUN %10
Researchers Aldwin Leslie Mayuela (IV-Archimedes)
Address Brgy. Tiring, Cabatuan, Iloilo
School Cabatuan National Comp. High School
Summary:
The study on the use of different levels of concentration of Balete pure root extract on Chinese hibiscus cuttings was conducted at Brgy. Tiring, Cabatuan, Iloilo from June 12, 2005 to July 10, 2005. It aimed to find out if there is a significant difference among the treatments in terms of length in cm and the number of roots produced.
Chinese hibiscus cuttings were soaked in different levels of concentration of Balete solutions and were replicated five times. Treatment A was the 25% Balete concentration, Treatment B was the 12.5% Balete concentration, Treatment C was the 6.25% Balete concentration, Treatment D was the 3.125% Balete concentration, Treatment E was the distilled water used as negative control. Treatment F was the Positive - ANAA solution. Five stem cuttings of Chinese hibiscus plant were soaked in each treatment. After 28 days or four (4) weeks of soaking, the length of roots (cm) developed and the numbers of roots produced were measured and were interpreted using statistical tools.
Analysis of Variance in RCBD revealed that the length and number of roots of Chinese hibiscus developed. Based on the results, soaking of Chinese hibiscus cuttings in different levels of concentration of Balete root extract was declared highly significant.
Furthermore, Duncan's Multiple Range Test revealed that the most effective among other treatments was Treatment D (3.125% Balete extract concentrated) both in the number of roots and length in cm.
Conclusion:
It was found out that application of different levels of concentration of Balete root extract on Chinese hibiscus stems has a highly significant effect both on the length
Chinese hi:- i , biscus rosa-qlnensis) cuttings soak in different levels
of concerrr j! Balete (Ficus inclica) root extract
and number of roots developed. Treatment D which was the 3.125% Balete concentrated solution was found to be the most effective among the treatments used basing on the length and the number of roots produced after 28 days or four (4) weeks of soaking.
The 3.125% Balete concentrated solution basing on statistical analysis showed that it had exhibited the most number of roots and highest root length yielded in terms of average number and average length in cm. 28 days or four (4) weeks after application. ANOVA in RCBD revealed that the use of 12.5%, 6.% and 3.125% concentrations of Balete root extract on Chinese hibiscus cuttings produced longer and more number of roots compared to the negative and positive controls and to the 25% concentration which showed the highest number of root length from a previous study.
Analogously, results of the pilot study and from the researchers study revealed that lesser concentrations (12.5%, 6.25% and 3.125%) of Balete pure root extract produce longer and more roots compared to solutions with higher concentration.
Summing up, Balete pure root extract definitely and evidently exhibited a potential as an effective natural root growth inducer. As shown in statistical analysis, 3.125% Balete concentrated solution is the most preferable to use .based on its performance.
Recommendations:
Using Balete pure root extract as a natural root growth inducer to Chinese hibiscus stems yielded confirmatory results.
From statistical tools such as Analysis of Variance in RCBD and Duncan's Multiple Range Test tested the quality and ability of Balete pure root extracts as alternative natural root growth inducer. Specifically, a 3.125% concentration of Balete extract is recommended by the researcher to use as natural root inducer.
For further verification and analysis regarding the study, the researcher recommends the following:
1. Continuation or conduct of related studies for high school/college students such as
Broadening the range of study by using other tree parts of Balete (Ficus elastica) for it might yield the same or even better results than its root extracts.
Testing other genre of plants other than Chinese hibiscus must be included.
C. Studying about the component of Balete extract compared to chemical/ material component of other commercial root growth hormones such as the ANAA solution should also be investigated.
2. Using the study as an additional and conceptual material for Science (Biology) Teachers.
3. The use of Balete root extract as root growth inducer for other plants.
preventing soil erosion and the occurrence of floods, trees in the watershed areas prevent the rapid evaporation of water in the water source. More trees will mean more water for all of us.
To avert the continuous denudation of our forest resources and watershed areas, our government must put more teeth in the implementation of our logging Laws. Any violator of logging laws must be punished justly, without taking into consideration his political or social status. It would be best for our national interest if the Department
conserving water for our survival. Let us stop denuding our forest otherwise nature will take vengeance on all of us. Let us conserve water not only for us in the present but also for the future generation. Let us do the right course of action now so that we shall not be blamed by our children and our children's children due to our negligence.
WATER, 0 WATER - you are our life! Your supply must be sustained forever for our survival. This we can do by preserving and conserving you - NOW AND FOREVER!
Environment Focus
0
THINK and DECIDE'
By: Mark Joseph Diaz and Wendylum Loli Halaba (IV-Einstein)
God cares for nature. He saves it from draught, diseases, avalanches, and a thousand tempests and floods. But He cannot save it from fools, people who will do anything just to attain their selfish motives. The gross heathenism of civilization has generally destroyed nature and there will surely be nothing left to sustain our existence in this planet, unless we stop it.
It is my opinion and I think you will agree with me that it took the modern man a little more than a century to fully exploit and destroy our environment. Virgin rainforests that have been once full of flora and fauna are now being denuded. A lot of animals, which have been thriving in their habitat 60 years ago, are now extinct. Let us not forget all the bodies of water that have been polluted
because of all the chemicals and garbage that man has dumped in them. And what have we done to prevent all these? Nothing! We are knowledgeable when it comes to technological advancements but exceedingly naive and narrow-minded about the real condition of our environment.
Man nowadays is very busy, making himself rich, but does not take any notice of the consequences of his actions. He doesn't care if a herd of elephants will be slain because of their precious tusks. What he cares is the acquisition of their ivory tusks for profit. Why should he bother himself about the extinction of the Philippine eagle? For him, it's not his concern. What is important to him is to earn a living, to have more money. Some of you may retort about
turn to page 11
Set-ups of different levels of concentration of Balete (Ficus indica) root extract
|
